Foresight No. 20: Workers Wanted (full note, PDF)
The full 29-page prospective note. Holding employment per resident steady would need 6.8 million more workers by 2035 across the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany and Canada. Instant PDF download.
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About the author
Foresight, prospective note No. 20. Driss EFFINA, PhD. October 2026. PDF, 29 pages, 14 charts and diagrams, 17 tables.
In 2025 net migration broke downwards in four of the five largest Western labour markets. US net immigration fell from 2.3 million in 2024 to 410,000, British net migration from 331,000 to 171,000 and German net migration from 430,000 to 235,000, while Canada’s population growth slowed to 0.5 percent in the year to July 2026. At the same time the baby-boom generation is leaving work, and the number of people aged 80 and over in the five countries is set to rise by about half by 2035.
Inside the full note:
- The starting point: the 2025 break and the policies of 2026
- Demography to 2035: four migration paths
- Labour supply: participation and 24 combinations
- How big is the gap?
- What each lever would have to deliver
- Sector gaps: care, health, construction and digital
- Costs and fiscal effects
- Four scenarios to 2035
- Leading-indicators dashboard
- Implications for policy and for businesses and investors
- What to watch, October 2026 to mid-2027
Read the free preview: Workers Wanted.
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