Decoded No. 6: China’s Footprint in Europe (full note, PDF)
Compare China’s economic footprint across Germany, France, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. Separate trade exposure, production networks and ownership to understand why the country rankings change.
Dr. Driss Effina | English PDF | 30 pages | 22 figures | 12 tables.
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About the author
- Dr. Driss Effina
Dr. Driss Effina is an economist and the author of this Global Strategy Files research note. His work examines public finances, international economics and strategic change.
Decoded, analysis note No. 6. Driss EFFINA, PhD. October 2026. PDF, 30 pages, 22 figures, 12 tables.
How deeply is China embedded in five major European economies, and does the answer change when trade, production networks and ownership are measured separately? Germany leads the two-way value-added footprint under every weighting. The other rankings change in revealing ways: the United Kingdom is second overall but last in export production, and France absorbed more Chinese value added while its China-specific sourcing fell.
Inside the full note:
- Germany leads, but the runner-up depends on the channel
- The structural connection multiplied over twenty-eight years
- France’s rising absorption did not require more Chinese sourcing
- The UK is second in the footprint and last in export production
- Falling imports relative to GDP can conceal rising sourcing shares
- An intermediary address does not identify the ultimate owner
- Actual 2026 observations extend goods evidence, not the network
- Fifty-industry accounting and commodity-boundary tests
- Five country profiles
- Full source appendix
Read the free preview: China’s Footprint in Five Major European Economies
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